Top: Computers: Internet: Programming
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Programming is the process of writing programs(usually called code) using a specific language for a specific purpose. Programming is a very generic word and programs are mostly used in computing industry and also applicable to embedded devices like robots,mobiles and industrial equipments which could also be programmed in their languages.Programming involves tasks like writing the code, debugging, and testing the program under different scenarios.
Programs mean different things, it might be a single page of code or a huge enterprise software both are called programs in the broader sense.
The purpose of programming is to solve a problem on a domain which means you need domain knowledge,in the case of embedded systems a good knowledge of the device specific information has to be employed to bring up successful programs.
Qualities of a good program
Efficiency: The program should satisfy the needs within the given resources
Reliability: Its something built for a purpose and it has to be satisfying the basic capabilities that is should have.
Robustness: It should be tolerant to the user's mistakes to make sure the program is unaffected as a result of faulty input or improper usage.
Portability: Today, there is a variety of platforms available from the very famous Linux,Windows,Mac,Solaris. Most programming languages are available for all the platforms and its good to make sure that the programs work on all the platforms so that everyone gets benefited out of your program.
Algorithms
Algorithms are the step-by-step solving of a problem. It is a good practice that the algorithm is built before you solve a problem by a program. After having the algorithm built, its nothing more than converting your business logic into your desired programming language. Algorithms play an important role because they affect the way your program works in terms of speed and efficiency. The complexity of your algorithm determines how efficient your program works.
Programming Languages
Today there are a lot of programming languages available.
C - The lingua-franca of Linux till date and the linux kernel is written in C. It is an versatile language with a lot of flexibility and features.
C++ - An Object-oriented programming language,which means looking at the problem in the problem's way. A huge leap from solving your problem with computing terms.
Java - An efficient Object-Oriented language, Cross-Platform compatibility always applicable to Java. Very famous one from Sun Microsystems.
Perl - An Interpreted Powerful Object Oriented language, it is usually used for creating dynamic web sites with Common Gatewat Interface(CGI).
Python - An Interpreted Scripting language for GUI and Web programming.
The list just goes on.
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